Scam Glossary

Plain-English definitions: phishing, spoofing, smishing, vishing, and more.

Phishing
A fraudulent message that tries to trick you into sharing personal information or clicking a malicious link.
Spoofing
Making a message appear to come from someone it does not — often a well-known brand or a friend.
Smishing
Phishing carried out through text messages (SMS).
Vishing
Phishing carried out over the phone.
Malware
Software designed to harm your device or steal information.
Ransomware
Malware that locks your files until you pay a ransom.
Impersonation
Pretending to be a person or organization you trust.
Social engineering
Manipulation tactics used to trick people into taking unsafe actions.
Business email compromise
A scam in which attackers impersonate an executive or vendor to request a wire transfer.
Account takeover
When an attacker gains control of one of your online accounts.